Global acceptance and rejection of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Clinical Research Administration, Alexandria Directorate of Health Affairs, Egyptian Ministry of Health

2 Pharmacy Department, Alexandria University Students Hospital, Epidemiology Specialist, Alexandria University, Egypt

3 Department of Clinical Research, Maamora Chest Hospital , MoHP, Alexandria, Egypt

4 Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University,

5 Department of Public Health, Medical Research office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum, Sudan

6 Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt

7 Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics Department , Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt

8 Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt

9 Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University

10 Oncology Physician, Cairo University Medical School, Egypt

11 Nephrology in Internal Medicine Department, Fayoum University, Egypt

12 Clinical research department at Damietta Directorate for Health affairs, Ministry of Health and population, Egypt

13 Department of Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Utah State University, USA

14 Department of general surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt

15 Woman's Health and Midwifery Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

16 Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University

17 Universite du Quebec en Abitibi-Temiscamingue (UQAT) , Quebec, Canada

18 Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt

Abstract

A challengeable obstacle to the introduction of new vaccine that affects the transmission of certain infections is vaccine hesitancy, despite the availability of vaccines.
To assess the theoretical tendencies and public attitudes concerning the COVID-19 vaccinations.
PsycINFO, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, MEDLINEcentral/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. All papers detailing rejection and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine were included with no language restriction. Abstracts, proposals, conferences, editorials, author responses, reviews, case reports & series, books, and studies with data not accurately extracted or overlapping data were excluded. A meta-analysis was conducted using the random effect model of the pooled proportion of vaccine acceptance and rejection using the meta-package of R software. Egger’s regression test was performed to assess publication bias, and the quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Out of 12246 identified records, 36 articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine rejection was 16% (95%CI:13-20, I2=100%), while that of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 65% (95% CI:60-70, I2=100%. Case-fatality ratio and geographical distribution represented the main determinants of vaccine acceptance. Vaccine acceptance increased by 27.17% (95% CI:3.46-50.88) for each 1% increase in case fatality (p<0.02). The acceptance increased in Africa by 1.86 (p=0.04) while the vaccine rejection decreased in Australia by 3.93(p<0.0001).
This meta-analysis demonstrated poor acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, and the ratio of cases to fatalities had a profound effect on public perception of the vaccines. These findings should be used to inform relevant interventions for future pandemic responses.
PROSPERO registration-number:CRD42021232805

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences
Volume 1, Issue 1
January 2024
Pages 58-81

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